2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals
Sustainable Development Goal or Global Sustainable Development Report is a United Nations publication, which aims to strengthen the science-policy interface in a high-level political forum on sustainable development. Which replaced the Commission on Sustainable Development after Rio+20 as the main UN publication. A forum providing political leadership and guidance on sustainable development issues at an international level.
The implementation of the SDGs worldwide began in 2016. This program may also be called “localization of SDG”. Different people, universities, governments, institutions and all kinds of organizations are doing different things under this program but at the same time this program has षmany more goals.
Localization of SDGs is critical to any strategy aimed at achieving the goals under the 2030 Agenda. It involves the process of planning, implementing and monitoring the adoption, planning, implementation and monitoring of SDGs from the national level to the local level by the relevant institutions and stakeholders. To accelerate SDG achievements, the vertical has adopted an approach of cooperative and competitive federalism, based on centre-state cooperation and healthy competition among states.
Definition of Sustainable Development Goal (SDG)
The Sustainable Development Goals The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, adopted by all United Nations member states in 2015, is a program designed for peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and in the future, that works for human well-being.
Its program has 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which are an urgent call for action by all countries – developed and developing – in a global partnership. They believe that ending poverty and other deprivations must go hand-in-hand with strategies that improve health and education, reduce inequality, and promote economic growth – all to combat climate change and While working to preserve our oceans and forests.
what are 17 Sustainable Development Goals
The 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of global goals adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015 as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These goals are a call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people can enjoy peace and prosperity.
The 17 SDGs are:
- No Poverty: End poverty in all its forms everywhere.
- Zero Hunger: Ending hunger, achieving food security and improved nutrition and promoting sustainable agriculture.
- Good health and well-being: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for people of all ages.
- Quality Education: Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all.
- Gender Equality: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.
- Clean water and sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.
- Affordable and clean energy: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.
- Decent work and economic growth: promoting sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all.
- Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure: Building resilient infrastructure, promoting inclusive and sustainable industrialization and fostering innovation.
- Reduction of Inequalities: To reduce inequality within and between countries.
- Sustainable Cities and Communities: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable.
- Responsible consumption and production: Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns.
- Climate Action: Take immediate action to combat climate change and its effects.
- Life Below Water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development.
- Life on Land: Protect, restore and promote the sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and biodiversity loss.
- Peace, justice and strong institutions: promoting peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, providing access to justice for all and building effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels.
- Partnership for the Goals: Strengthening the Means of Implementation and Revitalizing the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development.
The socio-political and environmental sectors need to come together in three areas to achieve sustainable development: all of them are important and interdependent. Progress will require multidisciplinary and inter-disciplinary research in all three areas.
According to the United Nations, the goal of the scheme is to reach the most backward class community. Commitments should be converted into effective actions that require a correct perception of the target population. The data or information should address all vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, persons with disabilities, refugees, indigenous peoples, migrants and internally displaced persons.
Cross-cutting issues include for example gender equality, education, culture and health. These are just a few examples of the various interrelationships contained in the SDGs.
How can the Sustainable Development Goals be achieved?
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals requires a concerted effort by governments, civil society, the private sector and individuals. Here are some of the key ways progress can be made towards achieving the SDGs:
1. Strong political will and commitment: Governments need to prioritize and invest in achieving the SDGs and hold themselves accountable for progress.
2. Resource mobilization: Funding is needed to support the implementation of the SDGs and resources must be mobilized from all sources, including the public and private sectors, domestic and international sources and traditional and innovative financing mechanisms.
3. Inclusive and participatory processes: Ensuring that all stakeholders are involved in the decision-making process is critical to ensuring that the SDGs are responsive to the needs of all people and communities.
4. Addressing structural inequalities and discrimination: Tackling systemic barriers such as gender inequality, discrimination and marginalization is essential to ensure that the benefits of development are accessible to all.
5. Adopting an Integrated and Holistic Approach: The SDGs are interlinked and progress in one area can contribute to progress in another. Taking a holistic approach that considers the interrelationships between goals can help maximize impact.
6. Innovation and technology: Harnessing the power of innovation and technology can help accelerate progress towards the SDGs by developing and scaling new solutions.
7. Monitoring and Accountability: Monitoring progress towards the SDGs is essential to ensure that efforts are on track and to identify areas where additional action is needed. Regular reporting and accountability mechanisms can help drive progress towards the SDGs.
8. Raising education and awareness: Education and awareness campaigns can help increase understanding of the SDGs and their importance and build momentum for action at all levels.
9. Partnerships and collaborations: Partnerships between different sectors and stakeholders can help leverage resources and expertise and promote coordinated action for the SDGs.
10. Strengthening institutions and governance: Building strong institutions and good governance practices can help ensure that development efforts are effective, transparent and accountable.
11. Sustainable consumption and production: Promoting sustainable consumption and production practices can help reduce waste, conserve resources, and reduce the negative effects of economic activity on the environment.
12. Climate action: Taking action to address climate change is essential to ensuring a sustainable future and efforts to adapt and mitigate climate change impacts are closely linked to several SDGs.
13. Addressing social and economic exclusion: Promoting social inclusion and addressing economic inequalities can help ensure that all people have access to the opportunities and resources they need.
14. Protecting biodiversity and ecosystems: Protecting biodiversity and ecosystems is essential to ensure that ecosystems continue to provide resources and services that support human well-being and is closely linked to many SDGs.
15. Disaster Risk Reduction: Investing in disaster risk reduction can help reduce the impact of disasters on communities and promote resilience in the face of future risks.
16. Promoting peace, justice and human rights: Ensuring peace, justice and human rights is essential to creating conditions for sustainable development and is closely linked to many SDGs.
NITI Aayog
NITI Aayog has taken over the main task of monitoring the progress achieved under the SDG framework at the global, national and sub-national levels. NITI Aayog prepares and presents India’s Voluntary National Review (VNR) at the High Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF) in the United Nations. For national and sub-national progress monitoring, the vertical has developed the SDG India Index and Dashboard, the country’s official and premier SDG progress monitoring tool.
States and Union Territories play an important role in achieving the SDG targets at the national level. The workspace works closely with State/UT Governments and supports them in a number of initiatives for SDG localization, including state and district indicator frameworks, review mechanisms and capacity building.
Ministries under the frame work
The SDGs cover almost every area of development, with all the concerned ministries being direct or indirect participants in the SDG efforts and moving towards achieving the target. However, the workspace has developed close ties with:
- Ministry of Statistics and Program Implementation.
- Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region
- Ministry of Finance
- Ministry of Education
- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
- Ministry of Women and Child Development
The HLPF is the apex international forum for the SDGs. The United Nations Economic and Social Council meets annually. The HLPF forms an important component of the review of progress and implementation of the VNR 2030 Agenda and SDGs presented by Member States. NITI Aayog presented India’s second VNR to HLPF in July 2020, which highlighted the country’s achievements and the way forward towards achieving SDGs. Apart from the progress achieved in various areas, the VNR report also presented the Indian model of SDG localization, approaches in consultation with various stakeholders, strategy of business integration in implementation of SDGs and ways to strengthen the means of implementation.
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